What is required to successfully establish a claim of adverse possession?

How do adverse possession claims affect covenants? How do adverse possession claims affect future interests? How do adverse possession claims work against government property? How does a land owner's disability affect an adverse possession claim? In assessing a claim of adverse possession, how is the "actual and exclusive" requirement satisfied? In assessing a claim of adverse possession, how is the "adverse or hostile" requirement satisfied? In assessing a claim of adverse possession, how is the "continuous" requirement satisfied? In assessing a claim of adverse possession, how is the "open and notorious" requirement satisfied?